HOT TAPINGS

HOT TAPINGS
It is a very important subject of the Oil and Gas industries.
The meaning of this is to have a taping on the main line in charged condition without stopping the flow in the line.

The hot tapings can be required for Instrument connections LIKE THERMOWELL, PRESSURE CONTROL SWITHCE INSTALLATION, DRAINING OF PIPELINES etc.

The following are the steps involved for the hot tapings:-
1. Select the point where the tapping is required





FIG 1





2. Provide split T, special designed for this activity and weld it on the pipe.





FIG 2





3. Provide a full bore ball valve as shown in the fig
(Gate valves or other full ported valves like Ball valves etc are used )



FIG 3







4. Install the Drill machine on top of Ball Valve



FIG 4











5. Drill machine will cut the portion of pipe. Cut metallic pieces and small volume of fluid will be taken inside the drill machine beyond the valve. Ball valve is closed in position. Sometimes the Sandwich or Wafer type valves are also used.
Machine is dismantled and the Hot Tapping is ready for further pipe routing.




FIG 5

PIPELINES

PIPELINES

It is means of transferring energy through tankages and pipelines from one place to another for serving the consumers and communities at large.
Pipelines play an important role in Petroleum Industry, providing safe, reliable and economical transportation.

Crude Oil, Gasoline, natural gas travel long distances from refineries and natural gas plants, all over the country, through underground pipelines. Oil / Gas transfers use sophisticated controls & computerized IT systems.
Mostly the pipeline systems are designed for a long distance bulk transfer of Fuels from production regions to consumers. These long distance bulk lines are also called as TRUNKLINES.

LNG (Liquefied natural gas ) is a classic example.
The gas is first extracted on On-Shore or Off-Shore locations. It is transported through pipelines to processing plants. Depending upon the pressure of the gas (low pressure, medium pressure and high pressure) it is purified by removing impurities like condensates such as water, oil, mud as well as other undesirable gases like CO2 & H2S. Mercury as a solid is also removed.

HOT TAPPINGS
It is a very important subject of the Oil and Gas industries.
The meaning of this is to have a tapping on the main line in charged condition without stopping the flow in the line.
This is a very demanding field in the days to come. One can choose this engineering field as a Career and can join some colleges and Engineering Institutes for further knowledge enhancement.

Institutes in Oil & Gas Industry

ICS-Indian Institute of Piping & Technology
http://www.ics-india.com/

IPEBS
http://www.ipebs.in/index.html

Energy Training Resources
https://www.energytrainingresources.com/content.aspx?page=_Home_

API
http://www.api.org/

PEICE
http://www.peice.com/

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd.
http://www.ongcindia.com/iogpt.asp

POGL Institute for Petroleum & Energy Development
http://www.poglinstitute.com/

Instrumentation and control Training

In industries like oil and gas, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals etc. the processes are controlled by instrumentation. They help in automation and mass production with safety of the system through a network being monitored via control room.

With the advancement in IT sector the process are technology monitored and controlled for fast and accurate output.

Better training in instrumentation and control can fetch lucrative jobs in the above mentioned fields.



Keywords: Application control, fuzzy neuro, controller, design control, steam control, valve control, pressure control, plant control, compliance control, chemical control, natural control, torque control

Basics Of Process Training

It is the method of converting one stage of matter to another stage for better utilization. This conversion takes place under different pressure & temperature conditions.

Process Engineers are the people who develop this mechanism and chalk out the details in the form of Process flow diagrams (PFD’s) , Process and Instrumentation Diagrams (P & ID Diagrams).

This Becomes the basic document, which is followed by Piping mechanical, Electrical, civil, instrumentation etc. departments to develop the Process products in working conditions.

PIPIING DESIGN AND ENGINEERING

With the present scenario of Oil and Gas sectors in great demand globally, there is a need for the Designers & Engineers for the development of the Refineries and Petrochemicals, Fertilizers and Power Plants, off - shore and on – shore Platforms and Pipe line Installations.

To meet the above requirements of Engineers & Designers there is a need for the training and specialization in PIPING for the designing and development of Piping Layouts with the right kinds of International Codes and Standards being followed globally, to meet the requirements of the Clients.

The training relates to Layouts, Isometrics, materials specifications, stress analysis with Support Design, etc.